This is a list of Soviet tank factories.
This list includes the heavy steel manufacturing plants where main production and assembly of medium and heavy armoured vehicles took place, initiated first in the late 1920s as a prerequisite for the developing Red Army doctrine that called for large tank forces. It does not list the related facilities which fabricated components for them, the many lighter automotive industries which built light tracked vehicles and armoured cars in wartime, nor the armoured vehicle repair and overhaul plants.
Keeping track of the tank factories can be difficult. Many were based on pre-Soviet imperial Russian shipbuilding or locomotive factories, and may have changed names more than once. The majority were evacuated and consolidated in the Urals in the fall of 1941, shortly after the disastrous German invasion of June 22. After World War II, some remained in their new location, others were moved back or re-established at other factories. Most were also known by military designation numbers as well as honorific names.
English translations of the factory names can also be confusing. In various sources, the Russian zavod (завод) is translated as 'factory', 'plant' or 'works', or simply transliterated.
| Location | St Petersburg/Leningrad | Kharkiv, Ukraine | St Petersburg/Leningrad | Nizhny Tagil | Volgograd/Stalingrad | Nizhny Novgorod/Gorky | St Petersburg/Leningrad | Yekaterinburg/Sverdlovsk | Chelyabinsk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-Soviet name | Obukhovsky Works (SOOZ), 1863 | Kharkov Locomotive Factory (KhPZ), 1895 | Treasury iron foundry, 1801 Putilov Factory, 1868 |
Nizhny Novgorod Machine Factory, 1849 | |||||
| Early Soviet name | Bolshevik Factory No. 232, 1922 | Kharkov Komintern Locomotive Factory, 1928 Factory No. 183, 1936 |
Red Putilovite Plant, 1922 Kirovsky Factory No. 100, 1934 |
Dzerzhinsky Ural Railroad Car Works (UVZ or Vagonka), 1936 | Dzerzhinsky Stalingrad Tractor Factory (STZ), 1930 | Krasnoye Sormovo Factory No. 112 (Andrei Zhdanov), 1922 | Factory No. 174 (K.E. Voroshilov) (Russian), Leningrad, 1932 | Ordzhonikidze Ural Heavy Machine Building Plant (UZTM, Uralmash), 1933 | Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant (ChTZ), 1933 |
| World War II | Partially moved to Tankograd in Chelyabinsk, 1941 | Merged with Dzerzhinsky Ural Railroad Car Works in Nizhny Tagil to form Ural Tank Factory No. 183 (I.V. Stalin), 1941 | Partially moved to Tankograd in Chelyabinsk, 1941 | Ural Tank Factory No. 183 (I.V. Stalin) | Overrun September 1942 in the Battle of Stalingrad | Factory No. 174 (K.E. Voroshilov), Omsk; parts moved to Tankograd in Chelyabinsk, 1941 | Chelyabinsk Kirov Narkomtankprom Plant; Chelyabinsk gained the unofficial name Tankograd ('Tank City') |
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| After World War II | Re-established at Kharkov Diesel Factory No. 75, 1945–52 Renamed V.A. Malyshev Factory, 1957 |
Moved to Omsk, 1963 | Uralvagonzavod, 1984 | Volgograd Tractor Factory, 1961 | Switched to shipbuilding | Switched to engines construction | Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant, 1958 | ||
| Post-Soviet | Obukhovsky Works, 1992 | Kharkiv, independent Ukraine, 1991 | Kirov Plant | Zvezda, OAO | The Ural Heavy Machine Building Plant, 1992 | ChTZ - URALTRAC, 1998 | |||
| Design Bureau | OKMO | Morozov Design Bureau (KMDB) | SKB-2, Omsk Transmash (KBTM) | Kartsev-Venediktov Design Bureau | SKB-1 | ||||
| Designed | T-18 (MS-1), T-26, T-35 | T-24, BT tanks, T-34, T-44, T-64, T-80 turret, T-80UD, T-84 | SMK tank, KV-1, KV-2, T-80 hull, BTR-T, TOS-1, Black Eagle tank prototype | T-44, T-54/55, T-62, T-72, T-90, T-95 prototype | T-34-85 turret | T-50 | |||
| Built | T-35, KV-1, T-34, IS-2, IS-3, IS-4, T-10 | T-26, BT tanks, T-28, T-35, T-34, T-54/55, T-64, T-80UD, T-84 | KV-1, KV-2, T-80 hull, BTR-T, TOS-1 | T-34, T-44, T-54/55, T-62, T-72, T-90 | T-34 | Russkiy Reno, T-34 | T-26, T-50, T-34, ISU-152, IS-3, T-10, T-80 | T-34, SU-122, SU-85, SU-100, T-54 | T-34, SU-152 |